Abstract for: Integrating V2G Car Sharing Hubs into Decentralized Energy Systems – Insights from the Winkelsteeg District, Nijmegen

Across Europe, the rapid electrification of transport, heating, and urban infrastructure is placing increasing pressure on local electricity grids and can delay these developments. Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, particularly when integrated into shared electric vehicle (EV) fleets and decentralized energy systems (DES), can help alleviate grid congestion by using EVs as distributed storage units that absorb excess renewable energy and discharge during peak demand. The study adopts a qualitative, multi-method research design combining a structured literature review, international case study analysis, and semi-structured stakeholder interviews. These methods were designed to complement each other and were integrated through a System Dynamics modelling process. We constructed a CLD diagram indicating that the success of V2G-enabled car-sharing hubs depends on the interaction among user behaviour (affordability, usability, and trust), technical performance (reliability and predictability), and institutional structures (Clear regulatory frameworks, viable business models, and coordinated governance). System performance is shaped by multiple reinforcing feedback loops between these interactions. V2G car-sharing hubs cannot be treated as purely technical solutions to grid congestion. Their effectiveness depends on the alignment of behavioural, technical, and institutional conditions. Inclusivity emerges as a central system requirement, as excluding certain user groups reduces overall adoption and limits the system’s potential for flexibility. Grammarly - readability improvements