Abstract for: Mechanisms shaping inequity in physical activity-related policy systems: an expert-based conceptual systems model

Public policies can promote equitable opportunities for physical activity (PA) and reduce socioeconomic inequities in PA. However, many fail to achieve this. A systems perspective is needed to capture complex, dynamic, and non-linear interactions within policy environments affecting PA inequity. Purpose Using a systems approach, we aimed to 1) understand how policy structures contribute to socioeconomic inequities in PA, and 2) identify system archetypes explaining the system. Two rounds of expert workshops examined equity in physical activity policy. First, a problem-solution tree identified system-level drivers of inequities. Drivers were then inductively coded from workshop transcripts. Second, group model building with experts explored relationships between these factors to develop a causal loop diagram, using a connection circle exercise. System archetypes and leverage points were identified, with findings validated by participants and visualised to inform equity-focused policy interventions. Workshop one identified 45 system drivers, including short-term policy focus, underrepresentation of low-SES groups, performance-driven agendas, accountability structures, and commercial influence. Preliminary insights suggest archetypes such as “Fixes That Fail” and “Success to the Successful.” By the conference, a causal loop diagram and refined archetypes will be developed, with findings presented and further validated with systems science experts to strengthen practical relevance. Despite increasing policy efforts to reduce socioeconomic inequities in PA, progress remains limited. Understanding this limited progress requires examining the system dynamics within policy structures that perpetuate these inequities. This study employs group model building workshops to map these dynamics, identify feedback loops, and uncover system archetypes, potentially highlighting high-leverage intervention points to inform more effective policy action. TEXT REFINEMENT