Abstract for: Using the FRIDA Framework to Evaluate Endogenous Human-Climate Responses to Climate Intervention Scenarios

The gap between current greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation efforts and the objective of limiting warming to 1.5°C persists because mitigation is often delayed, incomplete across sources, constrained by carbon-intensive infrastructure, unevenly distributed globally, and insufficiently responsive to non-CO₂ GHGs, land-use change, and climate feedbacks; consequently, climate intervention technologies might be required to complement mitigation efforts, namely Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) one of which Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI) is the most studied so far. This study adapts the system dynamics FRIDA framework—a fully coupled model integrating radiation balance, carbon and water cycles with demographics, economy, land use and agriculture, energy, resources (concrete), and behavioral change— to simulate SAI scenarios. Because SRM has not been deployed, assessment relies predominantly on modeling; however, Earth System Models and Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) face limitations in representing dynamic climate–human feedbacks and are computationally intensive for extensive scenario exploration. The adapted FRIDA model can reproduce the intended physical effect of SAI within an integrated assessment framework. Future work should expand the FRIDA model to include feedback loops linking SAI to demographics, economy, land use and agriculture, energy, resources (concrete), and behavioral change modules. This expansion will significantly increase the potential usefulness of the model in assessing impacts beyond direct climate impacts. Proofreading, fluency and grammar checks