Abstract for: Modelling Stakeholders Collaboration in the Context of Food Security in Indonesia

Food security planning, implementation and monitoring in Indonesia involve many stakeholders, especially food regulators and operators from various Ministries/Agencies. The dynamic interactions between stakeholders come in the form of exchange activities and resource integrations among actors to pursue collective goal. In the practice, this condition usually creates overlapping roles which lead to conflict of interest and responsibilities due to lack of coordination and fragmentation in several Ministries/Agencies. The CLD and SFD are proposed to depict a complete understanding of the dynamic changes in the various factors of food security development and their interrelationships. System dynamics is chosen due to its advantages to understand the dynamic, multivariable and nonlinear processes. The model illustrates the relationship between factors that encourage and inhibit the formation of collaboration by mimicking the mental model of each stakeholder based on service science. The CLD and SFD developed in this study visualizes the reinforcing and balancing feedback loops that shape collective behavior, such as trust, willingness to collaborate, and perception of mutual benefit. Through this model, the mechanisms of value co-creation become transparent, allowing policymakers to identify leverage points for improving collaboration, strengthening institutional alignment, and enhancing policy coherence. The simulation shows that increasing the level of importance of a stakeholder's role can increase the overall value co-creation score. The orchestrator can provide a more intensive role and stronger involvement for each stakeholder to take part in the formulation, implementation and supervision of food policies. Also, the collaboration is seen as dynamic process that should be continuously maintained, reviewed, and realigned to adapt with the external change.