1
SourceSeparation
3385d259-23c8-4aec-9ec9-397a80d5b921
isee systems, inc.
iThink
2012
2030
0.125
false
1
2
4
8
Total number of households not separating biowaste at source.
0 {households}
Source_Separation_Dropout_Rate
Separate_Collection_System_Expansion
Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
Total number of households separating biowaste at source.
0 {households}
Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
Source_Separation_Dropout_Rate
Number of households per year adopting source separation as a result of social pressure and from awareness raising campaings. The adoption is modulated by the effect of motivation, financial incentives, and the effectiveness of separate collection.
(Adoption_through_Social_Pressure + Adoption_through_Awareness_Raising_Campaign + Adoption_through_Fee_Reduction + Adoption_through_Fine_Avoidance) * Effect_of_Motivation_on__Behavior_Adoption
{households/year}
The normal dropout rate is modulated by the effect of the collection effectiveness, motivation, and financial disincentives.
Dropout_through_Social_Pressure *Effect_of_Motivation_on___Dropping_Out * Disincentive_Against_Dropping_Out_from_Fines * Disincentive_Against_Dropping_Out_from_Reduced_Fee
{households/year}
Number of households adopting waste separation as a result of awareness raising campaigns. It is the result of the fraction of noncompliant households that are expose to the awareness raising efforts and the effectiveness of the campaings.
Noncompliant_Households * Exposure_to_Awareness_Raising_Campaigns * Effectiveness_of_Awareness_Raising_Campaigns
{households/year}
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Adopting_Separating_Behavior * Perceived_Social_Norm__of_Separtion {households/year}
The modeler assumes that it takes a minimum amount of time of 5 years to adopt the source separation behavior.
Source: Adjusted from Ulli-Beer (2004)
5 {years}
(Compliant_Households + Noncompliant_Households) / Total_Number_of_Households {fraction}
Compliant_Households / Total_Number_of_Households {fraction}
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Dropping_Separating_Behavior * Perceived_Social_Norm_of_Not_Separating {households/year}
Initially, all households are outside of the separate collection system. Depending how fast the system is expanded, they will be connected to the separate collection system.
Total_Number_of_Households - Compliant_Households - Noncompliant_Households
{households}
Separate_Collection_System_Expansion
Initial__Separation_Capability * Separate_Collection_System_Expansion {households/year}
It is assumed that the separators will increase their sorting capabilityStock adjustment function for source separation fraction
(Indicated_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers - Separation_Capability_of_Compliers) /Time_to_Adjust_Separation_Capability {fraction/year}
Complex stock adjustment process using a non-linear function to determine the indicated source separation fraction. The indicated value is estimated based on the current source separation fraction and increased by the output of the non-linear multiplier.
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers * (1+Saturation_Effect_on_Sorting_Capability) * Compliant_Households
{fraction}
Time to adjust the current source separation fraction to its indicated value.
Taken from Chung (1992)
2 {years}
Non-linear function of the increase in the current source separation fraction to define the indicated value of the stock adjustment structure. The graphical function represents the fact that as the current source separation fraction becomes higher, it becomes more difficult separate an additional amount of waste from the source.
Defined by author, based on ??
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers / Desired_Separation_Capability {dimensionless}
0,0.10000000000000001,0.20000000000000001,0.30000000000000004,0.40000000000000002,0.5,0.59999999999999998,0.69999999999999996,0.79999999999999993,0.89999999999999991,0.99999999999999989
1,0.97499999999999998,0.92500000000000004,0.84999999999999998,0.72499999999999998,0.5,0.27500000000000002,0.14999999999999999,0.074999999999999997,0.025000000000000001,0
Fraction of organic waste that is intended to be recovered through separate waste collection.
0.8 {fraction}
Motivation has an effect on the separation behavior dropout rate. As when the fraction of biowaste in households equals 0.5, then the normal departure rate is experienced. If the motivation, represented by the capability of households to separate biowaste rises, then the departure rate is depressed. When households are less able to separate, they are less resistant to drop the separation behavior.
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers {dimensionless}
0,0.10000000000000001,0.20000000000000001,0.30000000000000004,0.40000000000000002,0.5,0.59999999999999998,0.69999999999999996,0.79999999999999993,0.89999999999999991,0.99999999999999989
1.5,1.4750000000000001,1.45,1.3999999999999999,1.25,1,0.75,0.59999999999999998,0.55000000000000004,0.52500000000000002,0.5
It is assumed that it takes 1 year to perceive changes in the dominant behavior regarding waste separation.
1 {year}
Estimated from a total population of 3 Million and 5 persons per household on average
600000 {households}
The maximum fractional adoption rate is the inverse of the minimum time to adopt source separation behavior
1 / Minimum_Time_to_Adopt_Source_Separation_Behavior {fraction/year}
Effectiveness in converting households not separating organic waste at source that are exposed to awareness raising campaings into separation behavior adopters. % of exposed households that effectively adopt source separation because of awareness raising campaings.
.5 {fraction}
The normal adoption process from social interaction is equal to the stock of households not separating at source multiplied by the adoption rate from social pressure.
Noncompliant_Households * Maximum_Fractional_Adoption__Rate {households/year}
Corresponds to the fraction of the population exposed per year to awareness raising campaings.
0 {fraction / year}
The perceived social norm is the smoothed value of the fraction of adopter household after an averaging time of 1 year.
Based on Ulli-Beer (2004)
SMTH1(Fraction_of_Households_Separating,Time_to_Perceive_Social_Norm)
{fraction}
It is assumed by the modeler that it the process of abandoning the source separation behavior takes on a minimum value of 2 years.
2 {years}
As the system is expanded, households are connected to the source separation system. However, they initially begin as households that are not commited to source separation. Only households that are part of the system are exposed to awareness raising campaings and interact with other households that are compliant. This means that only households not separting at source can adopt source separation through the processes of social interaction.
Households_Not_Served /Time_to_Expand_Source_Separation_System {households/year}
It corresponds to the time that it takes for the source separation system to cover all households in the city.
2 {years}
Fraction of households connected to source sepration system that are actively participating.
IF Noncompliant_Households + Compliant_Households = 0
THEN 0
ELSE Compliant_Households / (Noncompliant_Households + Compliant_Households)
{fraction}
Effective number of households separating organic waste at source. It results from the stock accumulation of
Initial__Separation_Capability * Noncompliant_Households {households}
Increase_in_Separation_Capability_through_Learning
Separation_Capability_Increase_through_Adoption
Separation_Capability_Decrease_through_Dropping_Out
Initial__Separation_Capability * Noncompliant_Households {households}
Separation_Capability_Decrease_through_Dropping_Out
Separation_Capability_Inflow_from_System_Expansion
Separation_Capacity_Loss
Separation_Capability_Increase_through_Adoption
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers * Source_Separation_Dropout_Rate {households/year}
(Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers - Initial__Separation_Capability*Noncompliant_Households) / Time_to_Lose_Separation_Capability
{households/year}
Average_Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers * Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
{household/year}
10 {years}
5 {persons/household}
0.5 {fraction}
Eventhough non-compliers are not separating, they are capbale to sort biowaste, if motivated to do so, at a level which is the average of the population.
IF Noncompliant_Households = 0
THEN Initial__Separation_Capability
ELSE Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers/Noncompliant_Households
{fraction}
The average separation capability of compliers is equal to the equivalent number of households separating divided by the number of compliant households.
IF Compliant_Households = 0
THEN Initial__Separation_Capability
ELSE Separation_Capability_of_Compliers/Compliant_Households
{fraction}
Persons_per_household*Yearly_Per_Capita_Biowaste_Generation {kg/year}
150 {kg/year}
Total_Biowaste_Generated__per_Household * Compliant_Households *Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers {kg/year}
Total_Biowaste_Generated__per_Household * Total_Number_of_Households {kg/year}
Source_Separated_Biowaste / Total_Biowaste_Generated {fraction}
IF Noncompliant_Households + Compliant_Households = 0
THEN 1
ELSE Noncompliant_Households / (Noncompliant_Households + Compliant_Households) {fraction}
Non-separation as the dominant behavior is perceived after a time delay. An exponential smoothing function is used to represent how households update their perception on the fraction of the population that is not separating.
SMTH1(Fraction_of_Households_not_Separating,Time_to_Perceive_Social_Norm) {fraction}
When the waste collection fee is reduces relative then the normal adoption rate is stimulated. When there is no reduction in the relative collection fee the normal adoption rate is maintained. As the relative fee is decreased, the adoption rate increases at an increasing rate, until it becomes four times greater than the normal rate when the collection service is free of charge.
Relative_Collection_Fee {dimensionless}
0,0.10000000000000001,0.20000000000000001,0.30000000000000004,0.40000000000000002,0.5,0.59999999999999998,0.69999999999999996,0.79999999999999993,0.89999999999999991,0.99999999999999989
4,2.5,1.7,1.1499999999999999,0.75,0.5,0.29999999999999999,0.14999999999999999,0.074999999999999997,0.025000000000000001,0
Fraction of the collection fee relative to the normal value charged.
1 {fraction}
As the separation capability of noncompliers rises, their sensibility to adopt source separation rises.
Average_Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers {dimensionless}
0,0.10000000000000001,0.20000000000000001,0.30000000000000004,0.40000000000000002,0.5,0.59999999999999998,0.69999999999999996,0.79999999999999993,0.89999999999999991,0.99999999999999989
1,1,1,1,1,1.0149999999999999,1.0449999999999999,1.125,1.2250000000000001,1.3500000000000001,1.5
Relative_Fine {dimensionless}
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
1,0.5,0.25,0.125,0.074999999999999997,0.050000000000000003,0.029999999999999999,0.025000000000000001,0.01,0.0050000000000000001,0
The behavior abandoning process from social pressure is equal to the stock of households separating at source multiplied by the fractional rate for dropping source separation behavior.
Compliant_Households * Maximum_Fractional__Dropout_Rate
{households/year}
The maximum fractional dropout rate is the inverse of the minimum time to abandon source separation.
1 / Minimum_Time_to_Abandon_Source_Separation_Behavior {fraction/year}
0 {fraction}
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Adopting_Separating_Behavior * Incentive_for_Adoption_from_Reduced_Fee {households/year}
Relative_Fine {dimensionless}
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
0,0.25,1,3,3.5,3.8999999999999999,3.9249999999999998,3.9500000000000002,3.9750000000000001,3.9900000000000002,4
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Adopting_Separating_Behavior*Incentive_for_Adoption_from_Fines {households/year}
Relative_Collection_Fee {dimensionless}
0,0.10000000000000001,0.20000000000000001,0.30000000000000004,0.40000000000000002,0.5,0.59999999999999998,0.69999999999999996,0.79999999999999993,0.89999999999999991,0.99999999999999989
2,1.5,1.25,1.125,1.075,1.05,1.03,1.0249999999999999,1.01,1.0049999999999999,1
true
true
Total_Number_of_Households
top
65
Noncompliant_Households
Compliant_Households
Noncompliant_Households
center
Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Separate_Collection_System_Expansion
Average_Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers
295
Noncompliant_Households
Compliant_Households
Compliant_Households
center
Source_Separation_Dropout_Rate
Total_Number_of_Households
top
28
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
top
115
Time_to_Perceive_Social_Norm
left
254
Initial__Separation_Capability
Initial__Separation_Capability
Relative_Collection_Fee
left
266
Relative_Fine
Compliant_Households
77
Average_Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers
Separation_Capability_Increase_through_Adoption
Time_to_Lose_Separation_Capability
Separation_Capacity_Loss
Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Increase_in_Separation_Capability_through_Learning
Yearly_Per_Capita_Biowaste_Generation
Total_Biowaste_Generated__per_Household
Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers
Separation_Capacity_Loss
Separation_Capacity_Loss
Effect_of_Motivation_on___Dropping_Out
Separation_Capability_Inflow_from_System_Expansion
Source_Separated_Biowaste
Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers
Average_Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers
Compliant_Households
Fraction_of_Households_Separating
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Adopting_Separating_Behavior
Adoption_through_Fee_Reduction
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Indicated_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Indicated_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Increase_in_Separation_Capability_through_Learning
Time_to_Adjust_Separation_Capability
Increase_in_Separation_Capability_through_Learning
Initial__Separation_Capability
Separation_Capacity_Loss
Minimum_Time_to_Adopt_Source_Separation_Behavior
Maximum_Fractional_Adoption__Rate
Noncompliant_Households
Adoption_through_Awareness_Raising_Campaign
Fraction_of_Households_not_Separating
Perceived_Social_Norm_of_Not_Separating
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Effect_of_Motivation_on__Behavior_Adoption
Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
Adoption_through_Fee_Reduction
Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
Average_Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers
Separation_Capability_Increase_through_Adoption
Indicated_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Saturation_Effect_on_Sorting_Capability
Indicated_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Initial__Separation_Capability
Separation_Capability_Inflow_from_System_Expansion
Maximum_Fractional_Adoption__Rate
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Adopting_Separating_Behavior
Adoption_through_Awareness_Raising_Campaign
Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
Exposure_to_Awareness_Raising_Campaigns
Adoption_through_Awareness_Raising_Campaign
Households_Separating
Separate_Collection_Coverage
Compliant_Households
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Dropping_Separating_Behavior
Time_to_Expand_Source_Separation_System
Separate_Collection_System_Expansion
Households_Not_Served
Separate_Collection_System_Expansion
Separate_Collection_Coverage
Fraction_of_Households_Separating
Perceived_Social_Norm__of_Separtion
Households_Separating
Source_Separated_Biowaste
Total_Biowaste_Generated
Source_Separated_Fraction
Effect_of_Motivation_on___Dropping_Out
Source_Separation_Dropout_Rate
Fraction_of_Households_Separating
Time_to_Perceive_Social_Norm
Perceived_Social_Norm__of_Separtion
Fraction_of_Households_not_Separating
Noncompliant_Households
Fraction_of_Households_not_Separating
Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Perceived_Social_Norm_of_Not_Separating
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Adopting_Separating_Behavior
Adoption_through_Social_Pressure
Perceived_Social_Norm_of_Not_Separating
Dropout_through_Social_Pressure
Relative_Collection_Fee
Incentive_for_Adoption_from_Reduced_Fee
Maximum_Fractional__Dropout_Rate
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Dropping_Separating_Behavior
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Dropping_Separating_Behavior
Dropout_through_Social_Pressure
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Relative_Fine
Disincentive_Against_Dropping_Out_from_Fines
Disincentive_Against_Dropping_Out_from_Fines
Source_Separation_Dropout_Rate
Dropout_through_Social_Pressure
Source_Separation_Dropout_Rate
Perceived_Social_Norm__of_Separtion
Adoption_through_Social_Pressure
Minimum_Time_to_Abandon_Source_Separation_Behavior
Maximum_Fractional__Dropout_Rate
Incentive_for_Adoption_from_Fines
Average_Separation_Capability_of__Noncompliers
Incentive_for_Adoption_from_Fines
Adoption_through_Fine_Avoidance
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Saturation_Effect_on_Sorting_Capability
Adoption_through_Social_Pressure
Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
Incentive_for_Adoption_from_Reduced_Fee
Adoption_through_Fee_Reduction
Separation_Capability_Decrease_through_Dropping_Out
Total_Biowaste_Generated__per_Household
Source_Separated_Biowaste
Disincentive_Against_Dropping_Out_from_Reduced_Fee
Source_Separation_Dropout_Rate
Desired_Separation_Capability
Saturation_Effect_on_Sorting_Capability
Disincentive_Against_Dropping_Out_from_Reduced_Fee
Effectiveness_of_Awareness_Raising_Campaigns
Adoption_through_Awareness_Raising_Campaign
Separate_Collection_Coverage
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Adopting_Separating_Behavior
Adoption_through_Fine_Avoidance
Adoption_through_Fine_Avoidance
Source_Separation_Adoption_Rate
Average_Separation_Capability_of_Compliers
Separation_Capability_Decrease_through_Dropping_Out
Noncompliant_Households
Normal_Rate_of_Households_Adopting_Separating_Behavior
Persons_per_household
Total_Biowaste_Generated__per_Household
Total_Biowaste_Generated
Total_Biowaste_Generated__per_Household
Total_Biowaste_Generated
Effect_of_Motivation_on__Behavior_Adoption
Source_Separated_Biowaste
Source_Separated_Fraction
0.1
Household_Behavior
Separation_Capability
Separation_Capability
Household_Behavior
Separation_Capability
Material_Flows_and_Performance_Indicators
Household_Behavior
Material_Flows_and_Performance_Indicators
1
0.2
0.8
2