The objective of this study is to explore the factors that influence the quality of group learning and group effectiveness in organizations. Learning enables groups to acquire new skills, improve processes, find new ways of working, and enhance their decision-making process. However, group learning is affected by a set of structural, cognitive and interpersonal factors, which may foster or hinder the engagement of group members in learning-oriented activities. This study regards work groups as complex social systems and suggests that the explanation of the quality of learning and the effectiveness of a group lies in the interrelations of these factors. Existing research on group learning tends to follow an input-process-output approach; in contrast, this study offers a system dynamics model to explore the intricate relationships that arise from the factors such as group dynamics and leader behavior and that influence the outcomes of a work group. Although the model is highly aggregated, the simulation results can improve our understanding of the interrelations of key factors that influence group learning and effectiveness and farther the path for future research using system dynamics to study work groups as complex systems.