Both developing and developed countries allocate a substantial amount of their budgets to their 
education sectors in an attempt to improve the learning performance of the students at each stage in 
the education system. The stages in the education system are typically conceived as being: Early 
Childhood (EC), Elementary to Secondary School (K-12), and Post Secondary Education (PSE). Each of 
these stages requires attention to address its unique problems, particularly when each stage is viewed 
as a separate, isolated component. This paper presents a modeling framework that integrates the 
stages of the education system into a one complete system to evaluate the implications of success in 
one stage to other stages. This paper illustrates that in designing effective and robust strategies to 
improve learning performance, it is necessary to fully understand how the problems of one stage evolve 
over time and if not fixed, could generate or intensify the problems in other stages. This research helps 
in understanding “where and why” to focus education system reform efforts in order to improve the 
performance of the students throughout all stages of the education system.