This study applies system dynamics to explore the long-term influences of multiple policies on handling the financial imbalance of the National Health Insurance (NHI). In order to improve the financial imbalance of the NHI, three policies and three scenarios are proposed. Each policy is evaluated for each scenario. According to the simulation results, the policy of a 20% increase in premium rate, plus a 2% decrease each year in annual rate of change of benefit payments per beneficiary can improve the financial imbalance. However, the benefit payments will be greater than premium revenues from 2008. So, the financial imbalance of the NHI will present again.